Lizardfishes

Synodontidae

The Synodontidae, also known as lizardfishes, are a type of benthic marine and estuarine bony fish belonging to the aulopiform fish order. This diverse group of marine ray-finned fish consists of around 15 extant families and several prehistoric ones. Lizardfishes can be found in tropical and subtropical marine waters worldwide.

Despite their global distribution, lizardfishes tend to be relatively small, with the largest species measuring approximately 60 cm (24 in) in length. They have slender, cylindrical bodies and heads that bear a resemblance to lizards. Positioned in the middle of their backs, the dorsal fin is accompanied by a small adipose fin located closer to the tail. Lizardfishes possess mouths filled with sharp teeth, including those on the tongue.

These benthic creatures inhabit shallow coastal waters, with even the deepest-dwelling species living in waters no deeper than 400 m (1,300 ft). Some lizardfish species in the subfamily Harpadontinae can be found in brackish estuaries. They show a preference for sandy environments and typically possess body colors that aid in their camouflage in such habitats.

The larvae of lizardfishes are free-swimming and distinguished by the presence of black blotches in their guts, which are visible through their transparent and scaleless skin.

Though not as widely recognized as other types of fish, lizardfishes are still consumed in numerous cultures and can be utilized in various culinary preparations.