Sand Lizardfish

The sand lizardfish, also known as the clearfin lizardfish or variegated lizardfish (Synodus dermatogenys), is a species of lizardfish primarily found in the Indo-Pacific region.

Synodus dermatogenys inhabits a marine environment and is most commonly found in reef-associated areas at depths ranging from 1 to 70 meters. This species is indigenous to tropical climates. The maximum recorded length of an unsexed male Synodus dermatogenys is approximately 24 centimeters or 9.44 inches. It can be identified by the presence of five or six red-brown vertical bars intersecting a red horizontal broken band on its flank. Immediately below this band, there is a line of whitish dots, although the specific colors may vary depending on the surroundings.

The sand lizardfish is native to a vast range of areas including the Indo-Pacific, 🌊 Red Sea, Hawaiian, Line, Marquesan, Tuamoto Islands (🇵🇫 French Polynesia), north to Ryukyu Islands (🇯🇵 Japan), south to Lord Howe, 🇫🇲 Micronesia, Southeast Atlantic, Algoa Bay (🇿🇦 South Africa), and 🇿🇦 South Africa. It is commonly found in sand-rubble areas of lagoon and seaward reefs, typically at depths exceeding 20 meters. This species has the ability to bury itself in sand while keeping its eyes and nostrils exposed. Sand lizardfish can be found either alone or in small groups.

As a predator, the sand lizardfish feeds on small fish and crustaceans. Its mouth is equipped with sharp needle-like teeth for capturing prey.

One interesting characteristic of the sand lizardfish is its ability to exhibit biofluorescence. When illuminated by blue or ultraviolet light, it re-emits the light as green, giving it a distinct appearance compared to under white light illumination. This biofluorescence may serve various purposes such as intraspecific communication and camouflage.