Fourline Terapon

Pelates quadrilineatus, commonly referred to as the trumpeter perch or fourlined terapon, is a species within the family Terapontidae, known as the grunters. This species is indigenous to the western Indo-Pacific region and has also established a presence in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, likely migrating via the Suez Canal (🇪🇬 Egypt).

Typically, Pelates quadrilineatus achieves a maximum length of 15 cm (6 in), though more commonly reaches lengths between 8 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in). The species is characterized by evenly proportioned jaws and an oblique mouth orientation. It features a front row of large, flattened teeth with distinctive brown tips. The body presents a laterally compressed and moderately deep form. The dorsal fin of Pelates quadrilineatus comprises twelve to thirteen spines and nine to eleven soft rays, while the anal fin is equipped with three spines and nine to ten soft rays. The fish is distinguished by a silvery coloration accentuated by four to six dark longitudinal stripes that do not extend to the caudal fin, which can appear either pale or dusky. Additionally, there may be a conspicuous dark marking behind the head and another in front of the dorsal fin.

Geographically, Pelates quadrilineatus inhabits the western Indo-Pacific region, from the eastern coastline of Africa and the 🌊 Red Sea to northern 🇦🇺 Australia, 🇵🇬 New Guinea, and 🇯🇵 Japan, and has also penetrated the eastern Mediterranean, potentially through the Suez Canal (🇪🇬 Egypt). The species is typically found in reef environments within coastal waters at depths of up to 20 meters (66 feet), and is commonly present in estuaries and brackish waters. Juvenile specimens are frequently found in seagrass meadows and within mangrove habitats.

Pelates quadrilineatus is known for its schooling behavior and predatory habits, primarily consuming invertebrates and smaller fish. Notably, when extracted from its aquatic environment, the fish emits a characteristic croaking noise. The male is responsible for parental care, diligently guarding the eggs and fanning them to ensure adequate oxygenation.