SoapfishesGrammistini

Soapfishes (Grammistini) are small to medium-sized groupers, characterised by their elongated, robust bodies, large protractile mouths, and often large eyes. Most species exhibit bold colour patterns of spots, stripes, or reticulations, typically in shades of yellow, brown, and black. Their common name stems from the bitter, toxic mucus they secrete when stressed, which can foam like soap in water and deters predators.

These fish inhabit coral and rocky reefs, typically found under ledges or within crevices from shallow lagoons down to depths of 50 m (165 ft). Primarily nocturnal predators, they feed on small fishes and crustaceans. Soapfishes are generally solitary and secretive, often remaining hidden during daylight hours, making them relatively uncommon encounters for daytime divers.