Iteroparity
Breeding repeatedly across a long life - the strategy of most reef fish, and the reason a big old female matters more than a small one.
An iteroparous animal breeds more than once, usually many times, across a long life. It is the strategy of most reef fish, of sharks and rays, and of the big long-lived invertebrates - spread the risk across many seasons rather than stake everything on one.
The consequence for a reef is easy to miss and important. Fecundity in fish rises steeply with size, faster than body weight does, so the oldest and largest females produce disproportionately more eggs, and better ones. Removing the big animals from a population therefore costs far more than the same weight of small ones - which is the reasoning behind maximum size limits and protected areas, and the reason a large old grouper is worth more on the reef than in a net.
The contrasting strategy is semelparity - one breeding event, then death.